Bài giảng Tiếng anh Lớp 11 (Sách cũ) - Unit 11: Sources of energy - Part E: Language focus

Nội dung text: Bài giảng Tiếng anh Lớp 11 (Sách cũ) - Unit 11: Sources of energy - Part E: Language focus

1. UNIT 11: SOURCES OF ENERGY E. LANGUAGE FOCUS 1. V-ing RELATIVE CLAUSES REPLACED BY 3. To V 2. V-PP GRAMMAR
2. II. GRAMMAR 1. RELATIVE CLAUSES REPLACED BY PRESENT PARTICIPLES (V-ing) Mệnh đề quan hệ được thay thế bằng hiện tại phân từ The man is my brother. He spoke to John. speaking The man who spoke to John is my brother. Relative clause in active voice The man speaking to John is my brother.
3. E.g.1 Present continuous (thì hiện tại tiếp diễn) FormulaThe man 1 who: We is canspeaking replace to John a relative is my brother. clause in active The voice man speaking with a topresent John is myparticipial brother. (V-ing) E.g.2phrase. The fence which surrounds our house is made of wood. The fence surrounding our house is made of wood. N + who + V (active) which that N + who + V-ing which that
4. EXERCISE 1: Rewrite the following sentences, using a present participial phrase (page 131). 1. The boy whoplaying is playing the piano is Ben. 2. Do you know the woman whocoming is coming towards us? 3. The people whowaiting are waiting for the bus in the rain are getting wet. 4. The scientists whoresearching are researching the causes of cancer are making progress. 5. The fence whichsurrounding surrounds our house is made of wood. 6. We have an apartment whichoverlooking overlooks the park.
5. II. GRAMMAR 2. RELATIVE CLAUSES REPLACED BY PAST PARTICIPLES (V-ed/ V3) Mệnh đề quan hệ được thay thế bằng quá khứ phân từ The Sport Games were the first Asian Games. They were held in India in 1951. The Sport Games which were held in India in 1951 Relative clause in passive voice were the first Asian Games. The Sport Games held in India in 1951 were the first Asian Games.
6. Formula 2: We can replace a relative clause in passive voice with a past participial (V-ed/V 3) phrase. N + who + V (passive) which that N + who + V-ed/V 3 which that
7. EXERCISE 2 1. The ideas which___presented are presented in that book are interesting. 2. I come from a city that___located is located in the southern part of the country. 3. They live in a house that___ wasbuilt built in 1980. 4. The photographswhich ___published were published in the newspaper were extraordinary 5. The experiment which___conducted was conducted at the University of Chicago was successful. 6. They work in a hospital which___sponsored was sponsored by the government.
8. II. GRAMMAR 3. RELATIVE CLAUSES REPLACED BY TO INFINITIVES (to-inf) Mệnh đề quan hệ được thay thế bằng động từ nguyên mẫu có "to" E.g.1 Active voice (dạng chủ động) Yuri Gagarin was the firstfirst man who flew into space. Yuri Gagarin was the first man to fly into space. to V E.g.2 Passive voice (dạng bị động) This is the last cake that is sold today. This is the last cake to be sold today. to be V-p2
9. Note 3: We can replace a relative clause following the first, the second, the last, the only, superlatives (so sánh hơn nhất: biggest, tallest, happiest) with an infinitive phrase (to-inf). PassiveActive voicevoice The first + (N) + who + V second which last that superlatives The first + (N) + who + to V second which last that superlatives
10. Congratulation! You are lucky.
11. John was the last man who reached the top of the mountain. a) John was the last man to reach the top of the mountain. b) John was the last man reaching the top of the mountain. c) John was the last man reached the top of the mountain. d) John was the last man to be reached the top of the mountain.
12. The last person who leaves the room must turn off the light. a) The last person left the room must turn off the light. b) The last person to leaving the room must turn off the light. c) The last person to leave the room must turn off the light. d) The last person leaving the room must turn off the light.
13. The first person that we must see is Mr. Smith. A.The first person to be seen is Mr. Smith. B.The first person to see is Mr. Smith. C.The first person seeing is Mr. Smith. D.The first person saw is Mr. Smith.
14. This is the second person who was killed in that way. a) This is the second person to kill in that way. b) This is the second person killing in that way. c) This is the second person to killing in that way. d) That is the second person to be killed in that way.
15. The first person who catches the ball will be the winner. a) The first person catching the ball will be the winner. b) The first person to catching the ball will be the winner. c) The first person catched the ball will be the winner. d) The first person to catch the ball will be the winner.
16. John was the last man to reach the top of the mountain. The last person to leave the room must turn off the light. The first person to see is Mr. Smith. This is the second person to be killed in that way. The first person to catch the ball will be the winner.
17. Relative clause replaced by participles and to-infinitive (Mệnh đề quan hệ được thay thế bằng hình thức phân từ và động từ nguyên mẫu có "to") 1. Relative clause replaced by participles: • Present participles (Hiện tại phân từ): được dùng khi động từ trong mệnh đề quan hệ ở dạng chủ động. N + Who/which/that + Verb (active) => N + V-ing • Past participles (Quá khứ phân từ): được dùng khi động từ trong mệnh đề quan hệ ở dạng bị động. N + Who/which/that + to be + V(ed/p2) (passive)=> N + V(p2) 2. Relative clause replaced by to infinitive phrase. "to infinitive" được sử dụng ngay sau: the first, the second, the last, the only và hình thức so sánh nhất. The first/second/ / superlatives + N + WH + V/to be V(ed/p2) => The first/second/ / superlatives +N + to V/ to be V(ed/p2)
18. • learn the formulae by heart. • practise pronounciacing the sounds /∫r/; /spl/; /spr/. • prepare the next lesson.