Bài giảng Tiếng Anh Lớp 11 - Unit 8: Our world heritage sites - Lesson 2: Language

Nội dung text: Bài giảng Tiếng Anh Lớp 11 - Unit 8: Our world heritage sites - Lesson 2: Language

1. Teacher : Nguyen Thi Ha Quang Trung High School
2. OUR WORLD HERITAGE SITES
3. I. Mệnh đề quan hệ được rút thành cụm phân từ II. Mệnh đề quan hệ được rút thành động từ nguyên mẫu
4. I. Mệnh đề quan hệ được rút thành cụm phân từ: Mệnh đề quan hệ chứa các đại từ quan hệ làm chủ từ who, which, that có thể được rút gọn thành cụm hiện tại phân từ (V-ing) hoặc quá khứ phân từ (V3/ed).
5. 1. Hiện tại phân từ (V-ing) Khi đại từ quan hệ đóng vai trò chủ ngữ trong mệnh đề quan hệ, và động từ theo sau nó ở dạng chủ động, chúng ta có thể rút gọn mệnh đề quan hệ đó với hiện tại phân từ . Eg: a/ The man who is standing over there is my father. → the man standing over there is my father b/ The couple who live next door to me are professors. → The couple living next door to me are professors
6. 2. Quá khứ phân từ (P2) Khi đại từ quan hệ đóng vai trò chủ ngữ trong mệnh đề quan hệ, và động từ theo sau nó ở dạng bị động, chúng ta có thể rút gọn mệnh đề quan hệ đó với quá khứ phân từ Eg: a/ The instructions that are given on the front page are very important. → The instructions given on the front page are very important b/ The book which was bought by my mother is interesting. → The book bought by my mother is interesting
7. Note: 1.Nếu mệnh đề quan hệ là cấu trúc bị động của thì hiện tại tiếp diễn , chúng ta sẽ bỏ đại từ quan hệ và động từ “ be” và giữa nguyên “ being + P2” Eg: a. The young trees which are being planted today will one day grow into huge trees. ➢ The young trees being planted today will one day grow into huge trees. b. The candidate who is being interviewed is totally unqualified > The candidate being interviewed is totally unqualified
8. 2. Khi mệnh đề quan hệ có một hoặc nhiều tính từ , chúng ta bỏ đại từ quan hệ và động từ “ be” sau đó chúng ta đặt tính từ đúng trước danh từ Eg: a. The children who were happy played until nine in the evening. ➢ The happy children played until nine in the evening. b. The house which was beautiful was sold for $300,000. > The beautiful house was sold for $300,000.
9. 3. - Nếu đại từ quan hệ “ that is “ đứng trước là đại từ bất định “something / nothing / anything / someone / somewhere / nowhere / anywhere” chúng ta thay đổi mệnh đề quan hệ thành cụm từ Tính từ hoặc Tính từ. Eg: a. There must be something that is wrong > There must be something wrong b.I am looking for someone that is responsible for the damage. > I am looking for someone responsible for the damage
10. 4. Khi mệnh đề quan hệ được phân tách khỏi mệnh đề chính bằng dấu phẩy và chứa cụm tính từ hoặc chứa ít nhất hai tính từ, chúng ta bỏ qua đại từ quan hệ và động từ “be”. Eg: a. My grandmother, who is old and sick, never goes out of the house > My grandmother, old and sick, never goes out of the house b. Mary, who is beautiful and intelligent, is the best girl in my class > Mary, beautiful and intelligent, is the best girl in my class
11. 5. Khi mệnh đề quan hệ chứa một cụm giới từ sau động từ chính “be”, khi đó chúng ta bỏ qua đại từ quan hệ và động từ “be”. Eg: The woman who was at the meeting spoke about business in Europe. → The woman at the meeting spoke about business in Europe
12. II. Mệnh đề quan hệ được rút thành động từ nguyên mẫu: Mệnh đề quan hệ được rút thành động từ nguyên mẫu (To-infinitive) khi trước đại từ quan hệ có các cụm từ: the first, the second (STT), the last, the only, the next hoặc hình thức so sánh bậc nhất. * Khi đại từ quan hệ đóng vai trò chủ ngữ trong mệnh đề quan hệ, và động từ theo sau nó ở dạng chủ động, chúng ta có thể rút gọn mệnh đề quan hệ đó với “ to + V” * Khi đại từ quan hệ đóng vai trò chủ ngữ trong mệnh đề quan hệ, và động từ theo sau nó ở dạng bị động , chúng ta có thể rút gọn mệnh đề quan hệ đó với “ to be + P2”
13. Eg: a/ She is always the first who comes and the last who leaves. → She is always the first person to come and the last to leave. b/ He was the best player that got the prize. → He was the best played to get the prize c. he was the last person who was interviewed yesterday. > he was the last person to be interviewed yesterday
14. Note 1. Nếu động từ chính trong mệnh đề chính là “ have” , chúng ta thay đổi mệnh đề quan hệ thành cụm từ “infinitive” Eg: a.I have something that I need to do tonight. → I have something to do tonight. b. She had 2 reports that she had to write last week. → She had 2 reports to write last week. c. Do you have a knife which I can cut this apple with? → Do you have a knife to cut this apple with?
15. 2. Đầu câu có: HERE (BE), THERE (BE) Eg: There are six letters which have to be written today => There are six letters to be written today.
16. 3. Nếu chủ ngữ của hai mệnh đề khác nhau thì thêm “ for + Object” vào trước “ To+ V” Eg: My mum has prepared a splendid meal which you will enjoy > My mum has prepared a splendid meal for you to enjoy
17. Exercise 1: Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions. 1. The best way ___ London is by taking a guided tour. A.of which to see B. to see C. seeing D. in which you see 2. The Complex of Hue Monuments was the first site in Viet Nam ___ to the World Heritage List. A.adding B. to add C. to be added D. added
18. 3. Situated on Cam Khe Hill, Tomb of Minh Mang is one of the most interesting royal tombs ___ in Hue. A. to visit B. visited C. visiting D. being visited 4. Scientists ___ on the site found many ancient tools, tombs and pottery, and made some important archaeological discoveries. A. worked B. working C. to work D. to be working
19. 5. I think China will be the next country ___ the Olympic Games. A. who host B. hosting C. to host D. hosted 6. Trang An Scenic Landscape Complex is the 8th World Heritage in Viet Nam ___ by UNESCO. A. to be recognised B. to recognise B. C. recognising D. recognised
20. 7. Tourists ___ the train from London to Stratford have to change at Coventry. A. take B. taking B. C. to take D. who takes 8. Here are some of the things when visiting a heritage site. A. to avoid B. avoiding C. avoided D. avoid
21. 9. Have you visited the pagodas ___ on Tran Phu Street in Hoi An. A. to lie B. lying C. lain D. lie 10. The boy ___ in the accident was taken to hospital. A. injuring B. being injured C. have injured D. injured
22. Exercise 2: Rewrite the following sentences using present participle, past participle or to-infinitive. 1.The man who is talking to John is from Korea. > The man talking to John is from Korea. 2. The ideas which are presented in that book are interesting. > .The ideas presented in that book are interesting. 3. Ann is the woman who is responsible for preparing the budget. > Ann is the woman responsible for preparing the budget.
23. 4. The books that are on that shelf are mine. > The books on that shelf are mine. 5. The children who attend that school receive a good education. > The children attending that school receive a good education. 6. The psychologists who study the nature of sleep have made important discoveries. > .The psychologists studying the nature of sleep have made important discoveries.
24. 7. The sunlight which comes through the window wakes me up early every morning. > The sunlight coming through the window wakes me up early every morning. 8. John Quincy Adams, who was born on July 11th 1767, was the sixth president of the United States. th > John Quincy Adams, born on July 11 1767, was the sixth president of the United States. 9. These are the ancient houses which were built a long time ago. > These are the ancient houses built a long time ago.
25. 10. The noise which comes from the boat engine might disturb sea animals. > The noise coming from the boat engine might disturb sea animals 11. There is nothing more that we can do about the fire. > There is nothing more for us to do about the fire 12. We had a river in which we could swim . > We had a river to swim in 13. Here are some accounts that you must check. > Here are some accounts for you to check 14. The ideas which are presented in that book are interesting. > The ideas presented in that book are interesting
26. Exercise 3: Complete the sentence with a participle or infinitive form of the verbs in brackets. who is talking 1.The man (talk) totalking the policeman has just returned home from Paris. which was bought 2. The novel (buy) bybought my sister is very interesting. who make 3. The students (make) noisemaking in class will be punished. who travelled 4. Passengers (travel) travelling on this bus bought their tickets in books. which warns 5. Do you see the notice (warn) warning people not to enter the military zone?
27. which lead 6. The stairs (lead) leading to the cellar are rather slippery. which we could swim. 7. We had a river (swim) to swim in who saw 8. You are the last person (see) to see her alive. who survived 9. The pilot was the only one (survive) to survive the air crash. who was killed 10. He was the second man (kill) .to be killed in this way. who walked 11. Neil Armstrong was the first man (walk) to walk on the moon.
28. that you must check 12. Here are some accounts for you (check) to check that I could open 13. I’ve got a bottle of wine but I haven’t got anything (open) to open it with. that I must write. 14. I have some letters (write) to write who comes 15. He simply loves parties. He is always the first (come) .to come and who goes. the last (go) to go
29. which has been built 16. The Queen Elizabeth is the largest ship (build) to be built on the Clyde. who will appear 17. Emma Thompson is the most famous actress (appear) .to appear on stage here. that children can read. 18. We have some picture books for children ( read) to read that is located 19. I come from a city (locate) inlocated the southern part of the country.