Bài giảng Tiếng Anh - Tóm tắt về thì động từ - Trương Văn Ánh

Nội dung text: Bài giảng Tiếng Anh - Tóm tắt về thì động từ - Trương Văn Ánh

1. TĨM TẮT VỀ THÌ ĐỘNG TỪ TRƯƠNG VĂN ÁNH
2. 1. HIỆN TẠI ĐƠN (SIMPLE PRESENT) Cách thành lập: Chủ ngữ là I, you, Chủ ngữ là he, she, it we, they và số nhiều. và số ít. Khẳng định Động từ để nguyên Động từ có thêm S (ES) Phủ định Don’t + động từ để Doesn’t + động từ để nguyên nguyên Nghi vấn Do + động từ để Does + động từ để nguyên ? nguyên ?
3. * Khi chủ ngữ là I, we, you, they và danh từ số nhiều, động từ để nguyên. Thí dụ: We learn English every day. The students often study in the library. * Khi chủ ngữ là he, she, it và danh từ số ít, động từ có thêm S hoặc ES (giống như cách thêm S và ES ở danh từ số nhiều). Thí dụ: She learns English every day. The boy often goes to the library. * Chúng ta có hai ngoại lệ: TO BE được chia ở hiện tại đơn là: AM, IS và ARE.TO HAVE được chia ở hiện tại đơn là: HAVE và HAS.
4. CÁCH SỬ DỤNG: 1. Thói quen ở hiện tại: Các tín hiệu là always, usually, often, sometimes, every Thí dụ: He often comes to class on time. They always stay at home on Sundays. 2. Sự thật tổng quát: Thí dụ: Sugar is sweet. Stone sinks in the water.
5. 2. HIỆN TẠI TIẾP DIỄN (PRESENT CONTINUOUS) Cách thành lập: Am Is + V-ing Are CÁCH SỬ DỤNG: 1. Giới thiệu những hành động đang tiến triển ở hiện tại: Các tín hiệu là now, at the moment, at the present time. Thí dụ: She is singing now. We are eating at the moment.
6. 2. Dạng mệnh lệnh ngắn theo sau bởi hành động đang diễn tiến: Thí dụ: Look! She is crying. Listen! They are singing.
7. 3. QUÁ KHỨ ĐƠN (SIMPLE PAST) Cách thành lập: Động từ quy Động từ bất tắc quy tắc Khẳng định V-ED Tra ở cột hai Phủ định DID NOT + V Nghi vấn DID + V + ?
8. Động từ được chia làm hai nhóm: quy tắc và bất quy tắc. Có khoảng 300 động từ bất quy tắc và chúng ta phải học thuộc lòng. CÁCH SỬ DỤNG: 1. Hành động quá khứ có thời gian xác định: last, ago, yesterday Thí dụ: They held a party last week. She died ten years ago. 2. Hành động ngắn xảy ra bất chợt trong suốt thời gian khi hành động dài đang tiến triển: Thí dụ: The police came in while they were playing cards. 3. Hành động xảy ra sau hành động khác trong quá khứ. Hành động trước dùng quá khứ hoàn thành, hành động sau dùng quá khứ đơn: Thí dụ: When the police came, the robbers had run away.
9. 4. TƯƠNG LAI ĐƠN GIẢN (Simple future) Công thức: Will + V Shall Ghi chú: Thông thường Shall chỉ theo sau I và We. CÁCH SỬ DỤNG: Hành động xảy ra trong tương lai với thời gian xác định: Các tín hiệu là: Next, tomorrow Thí dụ: I shall meet him tomorrow. He will cut that tree down next week.
10. 5. QUÁ KHỨ TIẾP DIỄN (PAST CONTINUOUS) Công thức: Was + V-ing Were Lưu ý: Was theo sau I, He, She, It và danh từ số ít. Were theo sau We, You, They và danh từ số nhiều. CÁCH SỬ DỤNG: 1. Hành động đang diễn ra ở điểm thời gian xác định trong quá khứ tổng quát. Thí dụ: She was watching TV at eight o'clock last night. We were working at this time last week.
11. 2. Hành động đang diễn tiến trong suốt một khoảng thời gian trong quá khứ. Thí dụ: They were playing cards all evening yesterday. I was sleeping between 1p.m. and 3p.m. last Sunday. 3. Hành động dài đang tiếp diễn khi hành động ngắn bất chợt xảy ra. Các liên từ thời gian là While, When, As. Thí dụ: They were living peacefully when the war broke out. While he was walking along the street, a car hit him. 4. Hai hành động dài song song trong quá khứ. Liên từ thời gian là While. Thí dụ: While she was working hard, he was drinking wine with his friends. The student were doing an exam while the teacher was watching them.
12. 6. HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH (Present perfect) Công thức Have + P.P. Has Lưu ý: P.P. là quá khứ phân từ. Nếu là động từ qui tắc thì quá khứ đơn giống quá khứ phân từ đều thêm ED ở cuối. Nếu là động từ bất qui tắc ta tra ở cột 3. CÁCH SỬ DỤNG: 1. Hành động bắt đầu trong quá khứ còn kéo dài đến hiện tại và có thể đến tương lai: Những tín hiệu là: since, for, ever, never, so far, up to now, until now
13. Thí dụ: How long have you studied English? - I have studied English for two years. 2. Hành động trong quá khứ gần: Các tín hiệu là: just, recently, lately Thí dụ: She has just bought a lovely dress. Recently he has been ill. 3. Hành động đã xảy ra và lặp đi lặp lại: Các tín hiệu là: twice, three times, several times, many times, Thí dụ: Mr Brown has been to Paris twice. They have visited Ha Long Bay many times. 4. Hành động trong các thành ngữ sau đây: (Trong so sánh nhất hoặc có số thứ tự).
14. It first That is second This only It That is tính từ ở so sánh nhất This Thí dụ: This is the first time I have been here. (But: I am here for the first time). It is the most delicious stew I have ever eaten.
15. 7. QUÁ KHỨ HOÀN THÀNH (PAST PERFECT) Công thức: HAD + P.P. Lưu ý: Nếu là động từ quy tắc, quá khứ đơn và quá khứ phân từ giống nhau: thêm ED sau động từ. Nếu là động từ bất quy tắc ta tra ở cột ba của bảng động từ bất quy tắc. CÁCH SỬ DỤNG: 1. Hành động xảy ra trước một điểm thời gian trong quá khứ. Giới từ được sử dụng là: Before và By. Thí dụ: He had bought a house before 2001. They had got master degrees before 1998.
16. 2. Hành động xảy ra trước một hành động khác trong quá khứ. Các liên từ được sử dụng là: After, Before, When, Because. Thí dụ: Before the child got up, his parents had gone away. After they had finished their work, they dispersed. When she came home, she found that it had been destroyed. He was sentenced to death because he had killed a little boy in a cruel way.
17. 8. TƯƠNG LAI GẦN (THE NEAR FUTURE TENSE) Công thức: Am Is Going to + V Are CÁCH SỬ DỤNG: 1. Hành động tương lai có ý định. (tương đương với hiện tại tiếp diễn) Thí dụ: They are going to have a picnic next Sunday. I am going to see the Brown tomorrow. 2. Cảm giác chắc chắn của người nói. Thí dụ: (Her belly is big) She is going to have a baby. He is seriously wounded. I am afraid he is going to die.
18. 3. Một hành động tương lai gần ngay lập tức. Thí dụ: Everyone out! It is going to explode. 4. Một hành động tiên đoán trong tương lai. Thí dụ: Look at those black clouds. It is going to rain soon.
19. Exercises 1: Use the correct tense of the verbs in brackets (Present simple or present continuous) 1. Every day she (clean) her teeth. 2. Huynh Khanh (learn) every day. 3. Toai (watch) TV now. 4. Sanh often (help) his friends. 5. My Vi always (wash) her clothes. 6. Ky (open) all the doors and windows every morning. 7. My Ngoc (listen) to the music now.
20. 8. Nhi (cook) in the kitchen at the moment. 9. Anh Thu sometimes (drink) coke. 10. Thanh Quan (brush) his teeth twice a day. 11. Dinh usually (practise) his lessons. 12. Viet sometimes (be) absent from class. 13. Hien often (borrow) money from his friends. 14. Turn the light on, please. I (read) a book. 15. At the moment Danh (type) a lesson. 16. When I come, he (feed) his dog.
21. 17. Ha (sweep) the floor twice a day. 18. Ly (drink) lemonade now. 19. Mr Hat (help) his son with the homework now. 20. Mui (clean) his desk every day. 21. Suong (not do) a test now. 22. Mai and Vi (save) money every day? 23. Viet (not go) to school tomorrow. 24. Manh (not write) an exercise at the moment. 25. Anh Thu and Thuan Anh (listen) to music now?
22. 26. Lai (not wash) the table cloth every day. 27. What he (do) at the moment? 28. Where you often (have) breakfast? 29. What time he (get) up every day? 30. What she (cook) in the kitchen now? 31. What film the students (watch) at the moment? 32. Where Lien (live) now? 33. How often you (learn) English? 34. Why he (learn) English every day?
23. 35. Chung (not do) his homework at the moment. 36. Hao (play) chess now? 37. Hai Tam always (help) her friends. 38. My Linh often (smile) when she meets everybody. 39. Thuy (cook) chicken soup now? 40. Hoa (sometimes fry) pancakes? 41. Mrs Sau (dry) the clothes in the sun every day. 42. Tu Anh (often sing) songs. 43. Tan Dat (stay) at school now? 44. Bao often (destroy) viruses in the computers for everybody.
24. 45. Khanh often watches films, but today he (watch) a football match. 46. Thuan Khanh often (feed) her dog. 47. Hai Tam (help) her mother with the cooking at the moment. 48. At the moment Xuan (count) her chickens in the pen. 49. Dinh (swim) in the lake right now. 50. A millipede (crawl) very slowly. 51. Trung (read) a book at the moment. 52. Bao often (run) his computer. 53. Now Kieu (cook) in the kitchen. 54. Tuong Linh always (get) good marks.
25. 55. Long (work) there up to now. 56. Look! It (rain) very hard. 57. Keep silent! Someone (come). 58. She often drinks tea, but today she (drink) lemonade. 59. Where is Huy? He (swim) in the river. 60. I can not see Tam. Maybe he (drink) coffee in the canteen. 61. Help me! I (do) a problem here. 62. Hang is worried. Her father (stay) in hospital. 63 Quyen (go) to town three times a week. 64. Nguyet (take) a bath every day.
26. 65. Stop there! The police (work) in the site. 66. Lan (visit) that pagoda once a year. 67. Lan often (get) up early. 68. Mai (cook) in the kitchen at the moment. 69. We (not eat) bread every day. 70. Khanh (not sleep) in the bedroom now. 71. They (play) football next Sunday? 72. The workers (build) a house now? 73. You always (go) to class on time? 74. Mai Chinh (brush) her teeth every day.
27. 75. Ngan (not paint) the door at the moment. 76. Vi (not write) a letter now. 77. Bich Tran sometimes (drink) coke. 78. Giao and Anh (not sing) songs every day. 79. The farmers (plant) potatoes now? 80. Thanh (not talk) to her friends now. 81. The students usually (listen) to music? 82. Quan (learn) English three days a week. 83. Nhi (drink) lemonade now. 84. Anh Thu (not play) video games at the moment.
28. 85. Dinh (not iron) his clothes every day. 86. Cuc (often wash) her clothes? 87. Oanh (clean) her bicycle at the present moment? 88. The engineers (work) at the site at the moment. 89. Mr Anh (teach) English every day. 90. Thuan An (watch) TV every evening? 91. They (look) for the key now. 92. Long (look) at the picture at the moment? 93. Her friends (not phone) her every day. 94. The children (run) in the yard now.
29. 95. Linh (not make) a cake tomorrow. 96. Tuong Linh (not draw) pictures at the moment. 97. Thien frequently (take) a taxi? 98. Mr and Mrs Lai (not grow) vegetables now. 99. The girls (skip) ropes at the moment? 100. You (like) films? 101. I (need) a kilo of sugar, please. 102. Look! They (fly) kites. 103. Jack (draw) a picture now. 104. Mary often (play) music?
30. 105. Thomas (not watch) TV now. 106. What Hoa (do) every day? 107. What they (do) now? 108. Why he (paint) the house at the moment? 109. He (not play) football every week. 110. We (not drink) beer very often.
31. Exercises 2: Use the correct tense of the verbs in brackets 1. Lan often (get) up early. 2. Mai (cook) in the kitchen at the moment. 3. Duy (do) a test tomorrow. 4. We (not eat) bread every day. 5. Next week Viet (not go) fishing. 6. Khanh (not sleep) in the bedroom now. 7. They (play) football next Sunday? 8. The workers (build) a house now?
32. 9. You always (go) to class on time? 10. He (be) sad yesterday. 11. Khanh (do) his homework last night. 12. She was very tired. She (not watch) TV last night. 13. Mr Hai (sell) his car last month. 14. While he (walk) along the street, he saw her. 15. It (blow) very strongly now. 16. At the moment they (not read) books. 17. Mr Son (live) in Long An for forty years. 18. Vi (learn) English since she was in grade 2.
33. 19. Diep (just say) goodbye to Lan. 20. So far Diem (win) three provincial prizes. 21. The dog (die) three days ago. 22. The ITC fire (take) place in October 2002. 23. They (cut) the tree down lately. 24. Uncle Ho (be) born in 1890. 25. Every four years the Olympic Games (take) place. 26. Last year Bac Lieu province (gain) a lot of achievements. 27. Uncle Ho (leave) Vietnam to find the way for national salvation in 1911.
34. 28. Listen! They (cheer) wildly in the stadium. 29. Tuong Linh (play) a game now. 30. Hold the line. I (talk) to him. 31. What place she (visit) next month? 32. What she (cook) in the kitchen now? 33. What film the students (watch) at the moment? 34. Where Lien (live) now? 35. How often you (learn) English? 36. How much sugar he (get) in the supermarket last Sunday? 37. Why you (not go) to Can Tho last Wednesday?
35. 38. What she (not eat) at the party tomorrow? 39. What time he (come) to HCM City tomorrow? 40. Why he (learn) English every day? 41. She (just buy) a new fridge. 42. Nhung (teach) in Ngan Dua so far. 43. Long (listen) to this song many times. 44. Ngan (not learn) computer science yet. 45. Tho (know) this problem? 46. Lai (open) a karaoke shop next month. 47. Chung (not do) his homework at the moment.
36. 48. Hao (play) chess now? 49. Nga (not lock) the door last night. 50. Hai Tam always (help) her friends. 51. Dao (save) the file a moment ago. 52. Phong (water) flowers recently? 53. My Linh often (smile) when she meets everybody. 54. Hong Nga (just catch) a frog in the meadow. 55. Bich Van (trade) jewelry for five years. 56. Huy (not clean) his teeth yesterday morning 57. Bich Tran (hold) a party next week.
37. 58. Nhan (restore) that file last Sunday. 59. Thuy (cook) chicken soup now? 60. Hoa (sometimes fry) pancakes? 61. Mrs Sau (dry) the clothes in the sun every day. 62. Hang (get) some match in the shop last night. 63. Tu Anh (often sing) songs. 64. Tu Linh (just learn) English with Sir Anh. 65. Tan Dat (stay) at school now? 66. Thanh (find) some money in the street yesterday. 67. Phuc (make) a present for her next birthday.
38. 68. Cong (insert) the floppy disc a moment ago. 69. Dao (work) hard recently. 70. Turn off the radio. We (discuss) an important problem 71. While students were doing a test, Mr Anh (work) on his laptop. 72. At eight o’clock last night Dung (type) a letter. 73. Mai (sew) a shirt when Hien called her. 74. Miss Ga (design) some flowers when the pencil broke. 75. My Van (throw) a rotten tomato at him last week. 76. At three o’clock yesterday Nam (observe) some birds in a nest. 77. Bao often (destroy) viruses in the computers for everybody.
39. 78. Tu Ngan (open) a website recently. 79. Dai Trang (not save) that file yet. 80. Some birds (sing) beautifully when Nga woke up this morning. 81. The man (just tie) some bundles of seedlings. 82. Khanh often watches films, but today he (watch) a football match. 83. Nhan (drill) the door tomorrow. 84. Thuong (hit) the column. She feels hurt on her head now. 85. Bao (shout) very loudly at the match. He has a sorethroat now. 86. Minh (take) a trip next summer.
40. 87. Thuan Khanh often (feed) her dog. 88. Hai Tam (help) her mother with the cooking at the moment. 89. Bang (wash) the clothes when Huong came. 90. Bich Van (work) very hard. She can earn a lot of money. 91. Dang (learn) English with Mr Anh recently. 92. Hoa (search) for her pen for ten minutes, and she finds it. 93. Tomorrow Diem (take) part in a meeting. 94. Lately Loan (earn)some money, working for a shop. 95. Binh (save) some money for two months . 96. Yesterday Ha (break) a flower-pot by accident.
41. 97. Tram (type) a letter when someone shouted loudly. 98. Hai (have) his chest x-rayed last Sunday. 99. At the moment Xuan (count) her chickens in the pen. 100. Quan (not join) the Party yet. 101. Long (wait) for you for two hours. He ‘s over there. 102. Dinh (swim) in the lake right now. 103. Three years ago he (not know) anything about computer science. 104. Thanh and Hang (know) each other for a long time. 105. A millipede (crawl) very slowly.
42. 107. Hoan (buy) a new car yesterday. 108. Nhan (buy) that camera next week. 109. Mrs Lien (win) a prize last month. 110. Trung (read) a book at the moment. 111. Sen (drive) this car last month. 112. Bao often (run) his computer. 113. Now Kieu (cook) in the kitchen. 114. Tuong Linh always (get) good marks. 115. Kha (trap) mice many times. 116. Dang (write) for that newspaper for ten years.
43. 117. Long (work) there up to now. 118. Phan (not eat) that dish yet. 119. Look! It (rain) very hard. 120. Cuc (help) you yesterday? 121. Nga (not sing) tomorrow because she is too shy. 122. Keep silent! Someone (come). 123. What you (find) there last time? 124. She often drinks tea, but today she (drink) lemonade. 125. Why he (not come) then?
44. 126. Where is Huy? He (swim) in the river. 127. Thien Son (learn) English for four years. 128. Xuan is very tired. She (go) to bed. 129. Diem My (study) overseas next year. 130. When (you) leave the station last time? 131. I can not see Tam. Maybe he (drink) coffee in the canteen. 132. Help me! I (do) a problem here. 133. Hang is worried. Her father (stay) in hospital. 134. When he (meet) her next time?
45. 135. Quyen (go) to town three times a week. 136. Nguyet (take) a bath every day. 137. Stop there! The police (work) in the site. 138. Since he came in, everybody (be) happy. 139. Lan (visit) that pagoda once a year. 140. While Mai (learn) English, he (watch) TV. 141. After he (finish) his work, he went home. 142. He (drink) coffee when they arrived. 143. So far he (write) 16 books.
46. 144. We just (read) these books. 145. There are very dark clouds. It (rain). 146. While John was playing a game, she (wash) the dishes. 147. Margaret (visit) Paris many times. 148. Kathy (live) in Paris for five years. 149. Betty was ironing her clothes when Jack (come) in. 150. We (talk) to him when she called us. 151. Mary (learn) in New York since 2008. 152. They (not buy) that book yet. 153. She already (watch) this film.
47. 154. How long you (learn) English? 155. What you (study) at university up to now? 156. I left the room after I (lock) the door. 157. Before he said good-bye, he (enjoy) the party. 158. He said that he (meet) them before. 159. Hoa (meet) them before. 160. John (attend) the meeting next week. 161. Every day Mai (water) the flowers. 162. I (not work) at the moment. 163. You (paint) the door now?
48. 164. They (do) the research so far? 165. Look! The children (dig) holes on the ground. 166. Lately she (not feel) well. 167. Sorry. I (work) now.
49. Good luck!